G


 * English glossary**

Gabelle: a tax on salt. Everyone had to pay this, since salt was used in cooking and for preserving food.

Galante: elegant, graceful and light-hearted.

Gaul: Modern France

General staff: military office which plans operations and administrates an army.

Genocide: killing of a whole race.

Ghetto: special section of a city where Jews forced to live.

Girondins: a group of French revolutionary politicians, with outspoken, but not extremist, views. They quarrelled with the Jacobins over how much violence it was necessary to use against critics of the Revolution.

Glasnost: meaning "openness". The policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the 1980s of permitting open criticism of the policies of the Soviet Communist Party.

Great Schism: the appearence of two and at times three rival popes between 1378 and 1415.

Green government:a political environmentalist movement that began in West Germany in the 1970s and spread to a number of other Western nations.

Guerrillas: fighters who use surprise tactics, such as ambushes or hit-and-run raids, against their enemies, instead of fighting pitche battles.

Guild: an association of merchants or craftsmen that offered protection to its members and set rules for their work and products.